Exhibition catalog to The Short Century: Independence and Liberation Movements in Africa, 1945–1994, Museum Villa Stuck, Munich, curated by Okwui Enwezor (traveled to other locations incl. Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin and P.S.1, New York) (Munich: 15.02.–22.04.2001; New York 10.02.–05.05.2002). A landmark exhibition of African art and culture with diverse media including music, theater, architecture, visual art, film, etc. featuring over 50 artists from 22 countries. This survey examined the relationship between African Liberation movements and cultural production linked to political repression, colonial and postcolonial histories, conflicts surrounding identity, and the geopolitical and economic inequality suffered by Africa vis-à-vis late capitalist developments. The dates that frame the exhibition refer to the post-WWII 5th Pan-African Congress in 1945, at which the demand for liberation from colonial powers was intensified, to 1994, the year that Nelson Mandela was elected as president in post-apartheid South Africa. Exhibited artists included: Georges Adéagbo, Ghada Amer, Oladélé Ajiboyé Bamgboyé, Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, William Kentridge, Zwelethu Mthethwa, Ben Oswawe, Raoul Peck, Marc Riboud, Malick Sidibé, Twins Seven Seven, Sue Williamson, etc.